The Transformation of American Religion

The Transformation of American Religion: How We Actually Live Our Faith is an anthropological view of contemporary American religion and how it has adapted to the modern world. Alan Wolfe, its author, is a non-believer who has studied religious practice for years, making him the ideal person to examine the subject.

The most striking aspect was the way religion satisfies people’s emotional and social needs. I turned away from my Jewish upbringing because the rituals, stories, and prayers never seemed relevant to my life. As Wolfe explains, the American churches that are growing most rapidly position themselves in a way that helps people handle and comprehend their day-by-day lives. I gained a deeper understanding on why so many Americans attend their religious institutions.

Wolfe also describes how churches have evolved over the last few decades, in order to respond to cultural changes and attract more congregants. For example, many churches play Christian rock music to make their services more appealing. Religion isn’t nearly as demanding as it used to be; sermons focus much more on rewards than on obligations. There’s often less focus on doctrinal differences. Many churches organize small-group activities, in which people start off discussing religious issues but end up taking about their personal concerns.

The book mainly focuses on Christianity, though there’s some discussion of Judaism and a little time spent on Buddhism and Islam. The Transformation of American Religion provides an insightful perspective on contemporary American religious practice. I had no idea how much modern culture had shaped religion. My only complaint, which is fairly minor, is that it was sometimes difficult to keep track of all the Christian denominations. Overall, it’s a well-written and accessible account of how the other (religious) half lives.